TELECOMMUNICATION GRAPHICS IN EDUCATION

It's known that in the ancient times the men's bodies, objects and walls were painted in special images. The rock carvings still preserve the unveiled mysteries about the way of thinking of the Stone Age man, the phenomena and the nature development of that time. Some scientists think that the development of painting, graphics-as a form of art was able to find a most important place in the social development of the Man due to objective biological factors, where painting was one of the ways to improve their knowledge of the Man's organizm.

Any information social-economical, political, cultural can be passed on to the student through reading (books, articles, textbooks), hearing (speech, oral information) or visually -i.e. graphic images. We know that reading needs mental effort most of all, but it also makes a person think. According to the data of psychologists an average person memorizes 10% of what he hears, 35% of what he sees and 55% of what he both sees and hears at the same time. Information through speech (here intonation and the authority of the teacher are included) demands less mental effort and doesn't very much activize the process of thinking. Graphic computer information unlike the two previous types taken in immediately, doesn't demand mental strain and impresses the student more, due to its obviousness, laconisism, persuasiveness and spontaneity.

Communication through visual abstract objects can be employed when teaching integration, statistics, mathematical logics, economics, economy, sociology, philosophy, etc. Ecological interactions easily come to life on the graphic computer and the student is interested to learn the changes in nature - quickened or slowed down by the certain program used. The graphic - business computer games allow to absolutely change the whole system of teaching computers.

The graphic telecommunication system (GTS) is a completely new world for the student. It's limited only by their own imagination and inventivenees. With its help complicated inner and outer historic relations can be revealed - something that can't be done in the books.

GTS is becoming a wonderful openning into the rich world which is famous for its dynamic examination of great discoveries of the past and their representation in such a way that can't be realized with the help of traditional methods.

GTS may be considered an effective instrument for better planning of spare time, for the development of the intellectual and artistic abilities as a means of inventiveness and rationalization. It's the best way of training for realization of any sort of functions.

GTS, including outer devices like radiotransmitters, modems, computers and video-recorders, encloses definite means and ways of delivering information and can combine them to supply the best effect on the student. Unlike other means of education it gives us a chance to underline, illustrate, to motivate speech and comment it with the help of oral statements: to comment them with the help of corresponding graphic arguments and facts. Moreover, as in documentary cinematography computer video-films can be made where words can give additional explanations to the changing graphic images, demonstrating the management of process in time. Such a method of education is effective from the viewpoint of learning and memorizing materials. The students also have a chance of expressing themselvesasking and answering questions, expressing their ideas in graphic language. This is a completely new approach to education. The principle of realization is - the person who draws an hour or more receives more than a person who watches for nine hours. In the process of actual constuction of graphic symbols a quickened process of comprehension of the new knowledge takes place.

Graphic tele-language allows not only to concentrate the attention of the student on the comprehension of the most important scientific thesis, but also on the way of finding an approach to the problem of analysis of managament. It helps to obtain skill in independent research of these problems, teaches people to evaluate things themselves - giving them a chance to find out different explanations and to come to conclusions all by themselves. It also helps them to overcome shyness and express their own ideas easily. Graphics activizes the process of sharing experience and knowledge between the students and teachers, also between the students themselves, i.e. a creative group atmosphere is formed where everybody teaches everyone else.

Education through methods based on the discussion of events in graphic form, on critical evaluation and analysis of the results that the student himself has come to on the graphic computer. The latter is connected to the telecommunication network and provides not only a higher level of mastering knowledge and skill but also their more effective usage in life.

In the last few years the society all over the world is undergoing stress influence that seriously changes the dynamics of life, causes its diversion, influences the rhythm of their thinking and logics of behaviour, makes the people irritable, distracted and worried.

Telecommunication graphics in this case comes in handy for computer regulation, diagnosis of psychic conditions, emotional reactions, elaboration of psychotherapeutic training programs. Many of them should be based on the possibilities of description of different human conditions with the help of digital and colour indices, geometrical figures that were recommended far back in the Tibetan, Buddhist and Chinese literature.

According to the education problem telecommunication graphics is advisable to use specially in the management of individual analysis of administrative situations; in immitation of resolving certain social-economical problems (connected with the student's practice); in staging and acting the roles in business games; in collective analyzation of administrative situations.

The analysis of definite management situations on graphic models (as a type of individual method of education) gives a chance on the basis of perception of definite images and singles out the essential the main thing, comes to general conclusions which may be used in similar conditions. In connection with this, standart management graphics that reflects the well-known situation, can be imagined as transformed elements in the knowledge system of management-theory and practice, also as a method of learning the given knowledge system.

To make a dicision in such a way of identification of management situation can be easily, quickly and almost intuitively done. Training provides the receiving of a more valuable information: the most important information can be received from the graphic image in the shortest time.

Generally an experienced manager recognizes many model management situations that are absolutely incomprehensive for an amateur and demand solution on a logical level. In the first case decisions are taken automatically, almost by intuiton (in the brain), in the second only after consulting the economical - mathematical model.

Certain management situations and decisions can be united into relatively homogeneous groups according to the outline of management and are singled out as components of management techniqes. Consequently the more tricks, rules and ways (in the way of knowledge and skills) the student learns as a whole, the more effective the process of education will be.

This reflects the management technology (management outline). The totality of these tricks, rules and ways will connect the manager to be with the system of management so that he achieves the best interaction, a more effective performance of his work, also the management of the system as a whole.

It is convenient to plan the computer education process by network graphics. The extention elaboration of the network education process in different subjects allows to essentially improve the educational process, to evenly distribute mental strain on the students, in some cases to cut down the period of education. It is convenient to describe the management program with the help of diagrams.

GTS-s are useful for business tele-meetings, tele-conferences that are organized both to reach an agreement on a collective decision and to keep its members informed, for example, on the attitude of the administration on a certain problem, etc. The usage of computer diagrams gives a chance to show all the participants of the conference the achieved progress or the deficiency in the operation of different organizations or working groups.

The analysis and discussion will allow to come to firm conclusions as to how the progress was achieved. Also axplanations of corresponding managers can be heard, the advice of the people present fixed. With the help of diagrams the reporter will give the facts he wants more quickly and clearly, also with more precision than it can be achieved through words only. The graphic tele-document allow the participants of the tele-conference to come to a better understanding. As a result the total duration of the discussion of the problem at the tele-conference can be cut down provided there's a good elaboration. So from an instrument of forming the best decisions, telecommunication graphics becomes a means of visual confermation of its rightness, of its necessity with the relation to the given decision. Let's examine an axample of a tele-computer conference organization according to the analysis of the results of activities of an enterprise for the period under review. The person responsible for holding the conference gets the necessary materials ready and sends them to the participants of the tele-conference beforehand. These materials name the questions, the probable scheme of discussion ( in graphic form), graphic and text commentaries as to the essentials of the question to be discussed, the project of solution, details on people responsible for the preparation of solution and also on the opponents.

During the process of tele-conference if the positions of the conference participants don't coincide (certain indefinite situations come up), then to find a common decision a field of "compromise decisions" is formed.

The process of formation of such a field is very often most effective when moving step by step they come to a final decision. In this case the scheme discussed is broken into stages in the of oriented graph, where each block reflects the corresponding stage that's charecterized by definite indices and documents.

Among the graphic forms convenient for discussion at the tele-conference and business tele-meetings, we should point out the subject maps as political and social economical arguments; for example at the discussion of building and problems and placing social-cultural units, industrial enterprises, business and medical centres for the population. An interesting place can be photographed. Later, at the conference with the help of different computer variations projects of buildings, highways, bridges, overbridges, etc. can be "toyed with". The closer one comes to reality - the better general effect on the projects to be built. Still greater will be the effect if stereo images are used. After the projects are worked out in detail and presented, the onlookers will have a better idea and as a result people will more probably receive better support from those who have the decisive voice.

The compiling and reading of simple diagrams and curves should be taught (in author's opinion) in secondary schools, in special higher educational institutions and at the preparation and higher qualification courses.

It's advisable to teach the grammer of graphic language to the teachers to be at the pedagogical institutes. It's necessary to change the methods of teaching in order to better understand the methods of the subject that's full with graphic games.

As a matter of fact the graphic language can be learned even in kindergarten. As far as it concerns the mental strain according to the data given by the psycholigists it's minimal. Let's remember how easy it is to teach little children a second language. The earlier and the quicker children learn the graphic "speech", the earlier visual thinking will take form as an instrument of developing mental abilities, that helps the transmission of tricks and ways of thinking to a more serious and less clear fields.

The activities of the centres and schools of esthetic education and scientific - technical creation in Armenia shows that children are able to learn easily the methods of active searching, charecteristic operations of logics such as definition, comparison, difference, analysis, abstaction, generalization, classification, education, opinion, deduction.

Let's take notice that the earlier painting compared to different types of activity needs concordance of participation of different psychic functions. The earlier they are stimulated, the earlier diagnosis of purposeful development of mental, creative abilities come up. This helps the solution of the global problem of intellectual society.

Together with the textual and speech information- elaboration graphics technology provides a chance of creating an informative and communicative channel that has neither national nor state limitations which is most important in the new political and philosophical way of thought, in the necessity of taking prompt action to help the humanity survive.