CERTIFICATE
In the
Institute of hydroponic problems of the National Academy
of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia
some biotechnology's of
soilless /hydroponic/ growing of a number of valuable,
ecologically clean, little-tonnage medicinal plants were
cultivated. On their base, beginning from 1996, in the bases of
the institute, in the condition of the availability of the
corresponding order /two-side contract/ it is possible to
produce the medicinal plants mentioned before taken separately
in the following approximate quantity.
|
The name of the plants |
Material |
Quantity, (t) |
English |
Latin |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
1 |
Mint |
Mentha piperita L. |
fresh mass |
280 |
2 |
Aloe |
Aloe arborescens Mill. |
- // - |
220 |
3 |
Nighshade |
Solanum laciniatum Ait. |
- // - |
240 |
4 |
Kalanchoe |
Kalanchoe pinnata Lam. |
- // - |
100 |
5 |
Catharantus |
Catharantus roseus G. Don. |
dry mass |
5 |
6 |
Motherwort |
Leonurus quinquelobatus
Gilib. |
- // - |
75 |
7 |
Stramony |
Datura innoxia Mill. |
- // - |
12 |
8 |
Rhodiola |
Rhodiola rosea L. |
fresh root |
1 |
9 |
Celadine |
Chelidonium majus L. |
dry mass |
1 |
10 |
Opium poppy |
Papaver somniferum L. |
seed |
0.5 |
11 |
Jawa tea |
Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. |
dry mass |
18 |
12 |
Henna |
Lawsonia inermis L. |
- // - |
12 |
13 |
Indigo |
Indigofera tinctoria L. |
- // - |
8 |
14 |
Citric sorghum |
Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. |
fresh mass |
110 |
15 |
Eugenol basil |
Ocimum gratissimum L. |
- // - |
115 |
16 |
Ordinary basil |
Osimum basilicum L. |
- // - |
200 |
17 |
Sage-brush |
Artemisia annua L. |
- // - |
95 |
18 |
Vetiveria |
Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf. |
dry root |
1.2 |
19 |
Catmint |
Nepeta transcaucasica Crossh. |
fresh mass |
125 |
20 |
Anise |
Pimpinella anisum L. |
seed |
2.5 |
21 |
Cammon caraway |
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. |
- // - |
4.5 |
22 |
Greek valerian |
Polemonium coeruleum L. |
dry root |
1.5 |
23 |
Eleutherococc |
Eleutherococcus senticosus
Max. |
- // - |
1.5 |
24 |
Schizandra |
Schizandra chinensis Baill. |
seed |
1.5 |
25 |
Common balm |
Melissa officinalis L. |
fresh mass |
110 |
26 |
Bur marigold |
Bidens tripartita L. |
dry mass |
30 |
27 |
Calendula |
Calendula officinalis L. |
bry flowers |
0.2 |
APPENDIX
1. Mint - perennial aromatic and medicinal herb. Shoot
contents 0.2-0.3% essential oil. In the last menthol content can
be up to 65%. Plants overground part as well asessential-oil and
menthol obtained from it is applied in medicine for various
cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disease treatment. In
hydroponic culture mean values for overground green stuff are
140 t/hectare (ha), for essential-oil yield - 385 kg/ha. (the
same indexes for soil culture are 33 t/ha and 72 kg/ha
respectively)
2. Aloe - four various treating agents are produced from
the juice of Aloe in Medicine. They are applied for sexual
disease, skin disease, burn, ulcer and secondary anaemia
treatment.
By combined open-air and greenhouse hydroponics 100-120
tons of Aloe leaves are available from 1 ha per year. In soil
culture the same index is 30-40 t.
3. Nighshade - is used for cortisone, hydrocortisone,
progesterone and other curing agents production, which are used
for rheumatism, polyarthritis, bronchial asthma, inflammation
and skin disease treatment. 120 tons of green mass can be
obtained from 1 ha hydroponc culture, while in soil conditions
yield is 3 times lower.
4. Kalanchoe medicines obtained from Kalanchoe leaves, are
used in surgery, stomatology, ophthalmology. 100 t. Kalanchoe
green mass can be grown on a single ha under hydroponic
conditions, which excels the yield on soil 3-4 times.
5. Catharantus the medicine called vinblastin is obtained
from Catharantus. It is used for cancer and leukos treatment. Up
to 50 centner dry leaves (with alkaloids total high content
/1.1%/ ) can be harvested on 1 ha soilless plantations, which is
3 times higher than the yield on soil.
6. Motherwort perennial herb. Alcohol or water squeezing is
a sedative agent. It is used as cardiovascular disease, neurose
and hypertension medicine. During the first year of cultivation
dry matter yield is 6.8 centner/ha, during following years yield
can increase up to 35-40 c/ha.
7. Stramony is cultivated as an annual. Unripe fruit-coats
and seeds are used in scopolamine and atropine production.
Scopolamine is a somnolent, sedative and anaesthetic remedy,
used in neuro-psychology, for Parkinson disease treatment,
etc.
Seeds and fruit-cover yields are 40-50 c/ha and 15-18 c/ha
respectively (dry matter).
8. Rhodiola perennial herb. 5-7 year old rhizome is
stimulating and adaptogene agent that increase organism
resistance. Yield of fresh stuff is 20t/ha in hydroponics.
9. Celadine Perennial herb. Shoots are used for liver,
gall-bladder, some skin and inner disease treatment. A high
yield (13 c/ha, dry matter) is obtained after the second year of
cultivation.
10. Opium poppy annual herb. Preparations are sedative,
anticoncussion, sleepingdraughts. The yield of bools (with
seeds) on hydroponics and soil are 165-182 g/m2 and 68 g/m2
respectively.
11. Jawa tea perennial oriental shrub. It is used for renal
sharp and chronic disease e.g. cystitis, cholecystitis, and
gall-stone disease treatment, as a diuretic bactericide and
antiinflammatic remedy.
12. Henna is used in oriental medicine for various skin
disease (diathesis, eczema) treatment, wool and silk stuff dying
as well as in cosmetics. From 1 ha hydroponic surface 4060c. dry
leaves can be harvested, in soil conditions 11-15 c.
13. Indigo leaf powder is used in cosmetics, in traditional
medicine against neural, skin liver and other diseases, as well
as in painting, carpet manufacturing, textile production.
Productivity of 1 ha hydroponic surface is 30-40 c leaf -
powder. The same index in soil conditions is 8-13 centner.
14. Citric sorghum essential-oil is used as a substitution
for lemon natural essentialoil. It is used in food, perfumery,
production as well as in medicine. 350-400 kg essential-oil can
be obtained from 1 hectare hydroponic surface.
15. Eugenol basil essential-oil is used as a clove
essential-oil substitution. It is used in food production and in
medicine. 150-200 kg essential-oil can be obtained from 1
hectare fed hydroponic surface., in soil culture yield
constitutes 35-45 kg.
16. Ordinary basil annual herb with sharp, pleasant
balsamic flavour. Content of essential-oil is 0.02-0.32 %, which
is used in food and perfumery production. Yield of essential-oil
in soil and hydroponic conditions are 13 kg/ha and 62-67 kg/ha
respectively.
17. Sage-brush contains 0.06-0.64% light yellow, green
essential-oil with pleasant flavour. It is used in perfumery and
pharmaceutic production. Roots are dying agents, squeezing is
retarding some bacteria growth. Yield of essential-oil is 40
kg/ha on soil, 97-130 kg/ha in hydroponics.
18. Vetiveria Perennial oriental plant. Root contents
0.8-1.0% essential-oil with pleasant strong flavour. It is used
for other flavouring agent fixation as well as in traditional
medicine and perfumery. Essential-oil yield is 16 kg/ha on soil
and 40-50 kg/ha in hydroponics.
19. Catmint essential-oil is used in perfumery and is
competing with that of geranium. 6175kg essential-oil is
available from 1 hydroponic ha, in soil culture 16-19 kg.
20. Anise annual herb. Essential-oil content in fruits is
1.5-3.5%. Which is the main component of anethol (80-90%). It is
applied in medicine, cosmetics, pharmaceutics and food
production. Yield of essential-oil is 33 kg/ha on soil and 38
kg/ha in hydroponics.
21. Common caraway annual, biennial and perennial crop.
Content of essential-oil in fruits is 3.506%. The 60% of
essential-oil is anethol. Essential oil is applied in
pharmaceutics, soap and food production. It is also used in
perfumery for obepin aromatic agent synthesis. Yield (of
essential-oil) in hydroponics is 217-273 kg/ha, in soil 35
kg/ha.
22. Greek valerian perennial grass-crop. Water squeeze of
rhizome is a sedative agent. It s also used for stomach ulcer
curing.
23. Eleutherococc thorny bush. Agents extracted from 5-7
year-old roots are used in medicine due to their adaptogene
properties (stimulation of central neuros system, regulation of
vision, etc.) is competing with ginseng.
24. Schizandra fruits are affluent with organic acids
(citric acid, apple acid, amber acid etc.), while the 0.03% of
seeds constitutes vitamin E. In medicine 6-7 year-oild plant
seed preparates are used in rehabilitation and for vision
sharpening. It is used as a dying and savouring agent in food
production.
25. Common balm perennial plant with specific strong
flavour. It resembles the bonquet flavour of mint, lemon and
costmary. It contains essential-oil, vitamin C (up to 150 mg%).
Extracts are sedatives and analgetics. It is also used in food
production. During the firs year of soilless cultivation yield
of medicinal stuff is 1.9-2 kg/ha. Soil grown crops are
harvested only after the second year.
26. Bur marigold annual herb. Plant overground part is used
as an anti-inflammation remedy. It is also applied for allergy
and gastrointestinal disease treatment. Yield on soil is 6070
g/plant, while that of hydroponics 85-105 g/plant (dry stuff).
27. Calendula an annual plant. It is an anti-inflammation
agent. Widely used for eye, skin disease treatment and in
cosmetics. Yield of soil-grown plants is 66 g/m2 while that of
hydroponically grown ones is 160 g/m2.